论雅典帝国

On the Athenian Empire

公元前５世纪后期，雅典人从经济、政治、军事、法律、宗教诸方面强化对广大属国人民的统治，几乎完全剥夺了各属国的主权。雅典帝国是雅典人的国家，不是主权国家联盟。雅典帝国的形成标志着雅典国家的发展进入了一个新阶段；雅典帝国的形成，是雅典人征服、奴役异邦人的结果，是雅典奴隶制发展的具体表现，是伯里克里时代经济繁荣、政局稳定、文化昌盛的历史前提。雅典帝国的形成和瓦解，是公元前５世纪中后期东地中海及周边地区国际关系史上的一件大事。在充分肯定雅典帝国在雅典乃至希腊历史上的积极作用的同时，丝毫不应忽视它的另一面，即雅典帝国的富足和强大也是建立在征服。

A great number of irrefutable facts proved that the Athenians strengthened the government of the masses of the numerous vassel states from the aspects of economy, politics, militiary, law, religion and so on during the late 5th century B.C., even to the extent to almost deprive of the sovereignty of these states. The Athenian Empire was not the alliance of sovereign states, but the state of the Athenians. The establishment of the empire marked an advanced period in the development of the Athenian state. It was not only the result of the Athenians conquering and enslaving the non Athenians but the embodiment of the growth of Athenian Slave owning system as well as the historical presupposition of the Periclean Age with flourishing economy, stable political situation and prosperous culture. The formation and collapse of the Athenian Empire was a great event in the history of international relations between the Mediterranean and the around countries in the mid and later period of 5th century B.C.. In spite of regarding the Athenian Empire's influence on the history of Athen and even of Greece as positive, we should not neglect the the other aspect in the slightest, namely, the abundance and powerfulness of the Athenian Empire were based on the conquering, enslaving and slaughtering the non Athenians.