中国文学研究的困境与出路

Predicaments and Breakthroughs of Chinese Literature

采用新文学的观念 ,有系统的理论和科学的方法 ,来研究中国古代文学 ,是从 2 0世纪才开始的。从不同的层面对百年来的研究概况进行检讨就会发现 :就文学观念而言 ,散文和小说的分类观念至今尚未厘清 ;就理论系统而言 ,对传统的诗文理论 ,多泛泛模糊之谈 ,对外国理论则往往强加套用 ,给人浮薄无学的感觉 ;就研究方法而言 ,国学根柢越来越薄弱。要突破文学研究的这种困境 ,必须观念要厘清 ,理论要分明 ,方法要落实 ,根柢要深厚 ,还要加上“了解之同情”。

This article provides an overview of researches in Chinese literature in the twentieth century and draws some conclusions about its various aspects.In literary concept,the differentiation of the genres prose and fiction is still vague.In theoretical system,while most researches on traditional poetry criticisms lack lucidity,those borrowing Western literary theories in analyzing chinese literature are always farfetched.In research methodology,a deep\|rooted foundation of knowledge is essential to academic research,and merely talking about methodology would not solve the problem.