比较文化研究的前提性反思

Premised Reflections on the Study of Comparative Culture

本文认为 ,当前的比较文化研究虽然方兴未艾 ,但实际上处在无政府主义状态下。在这个研究领域里 ,任性、偶然性和肤浅性支配着一切。比较文化研究要上升为科学 ,就应当从生存论的本体论着手 ,对这一研究的前提进行批判性的反思。归根到底 ,比较文化研究乃是生存意向在精神领域里的展现 ,正是这种生存意向决定着对被比较的文化对象的选择。深入的反思还向我们显示出当今世界存在的三大价值体系——前现代、现代和后现代的价值体系。对于当代中国人来说 ,现代性的价值体系是主导性的价值体系 ,而前现代和后现代的价值体系则是扰动性的价值体系。只有自觉地把现代性的价值体系作为价值预设 ,比较文化研究才能摆脱任性。

Although the study of comparative culture is in full swing,it is,as a matter of fact,in a state of anarchy.Caprice,contingency and superficiality reign supreme in this field.If we take the study of comparative culture as a science,we should start with ontology of the survival theory and critically reflect on the premise of this subject.In the final analysis,the study of comparative culture shows the survival intention in the human mind.It is the survival intention that decides the choice of what is to be compared.Deep reflections also reveal three systems of values in the present day world--pre modern,modern and post modern.For contemporary Chinese,the modern system of values is the leading system;while the pre modern and post modern systems of values are disturbance systems of values.Only when the modern system of values is conscientiously taken as value preparation can the study of comparative culture be freed from caprice,contingency and superficiality.