春秋时人对《周易》的解读

The Interpretation of Zhouyi at the Spring & Autumn Period

本文对《周易》问世不久的春秋时代人们解读《周易》的情况作了探讨。文章认为 ,在春秋时代 ,人们普遍地用《周易》进行占筮 ,而且筮法多种多样 ,对《周易》卦爻辞的解释也有很强的主观随意性。春秋时人推崇《周易》 ,但又不完全听从占筮的摆弄。这时 ,纯偶然的占筮预测已开始与人的道德意识、理性评判相融合 ,人们已经开始认识到吉凶不在卦象而在于人的品行 ,更有一部分先进的思想者怀疑甚至否定占筮。另外 ,春秋时人还对《周易》所蕴含的人生哲理进行了阐发 ,把《周易》

This paper makes a study of the interpretation of Zhouyi by the people at the Spring & Autumn Period.At that time,Zhouyi was widely used in the practice of divination and there were many methods of divination.However,the interpretation of the divination symbols was random and subjective.The people had great esteem for Zhouyi;however,they did not allow themselves to subject to the divination.The purely accidental divinatory prediction came to merge with the moral ideology and the rational reasoning from that time on.The people began to realize that the good or ill luck was determined not by the divinatory symbols but by the virtues.Those with advanced ideas even began to doubt or negate the divination practice.On the other hand,the people made an explanation to the philosophic theory in Zhouyi and took the book as an instructive classic to human life.