真理标准及其唯物史观背景

Standard of Truth and Its Background of Historical Materialism

生活比认识更基本 ,思维的真理性在于生活 ,因此 ,与单纯的认识论唯物主义认为物质第一性 ,意识第二性不同 ,费尔巴哈的人本学唯物主义认为感性第一性 ,思维第二性 ,虽然他把感性仅仅理解为生活的感性 ,即感性直观 ;马克思的历史唯物主义赞同费尔巴哈的这一观点 ,但把感性由感性直观改造为感性活动 ,即实践。所以 ,在唯物史观中 。

Differentconclusions will be derived by inspecting the standard of truth with his- torical materialism as its background and by inquiring into the standard of truth simply in epistemology.In historical materialism,the truth is the coincidence of thinking and perceptu- al,with purposefulness;while in traditional epistemology,the truth is the coincidence of the so- called subjective and objective which has nothing to do with purposefulness.Epistemology takes historical materialism as premise.So the practice,the only standard of truth,should be inspected in historical materialism.By analysing Marxian historical materialism as critically asimilation of Feuerbach′s humanistic materialism,the author elucidates the true meaning of the standard of truth in the background of historical materialism as follows:Differing from simple epistemalogical materialism considering material as primary and consciousness as sec- ondary,Feuerbach considered perceptual as primary and thinking as secondary.Marxian his- torical materialism metwith this viewpoint of Feuerbach,but modified perceptual from per- ceptual intuition into perceptual activity,namely,practice.As a result,the perceptual nature of thinking in historical materialism is synonymous with practice as standard of truth.