双重投射假设和及物性变异

Biprojection Hypothesis and Transitivity Alternations

及物性变异是一种跨语言很活跃的语言表现形式。它包括ｅｒｇａｔｉｖｅ结构和ｍｉｄｄｌｅ结构。现有的研究文献认为它们是在两个不同的层次上派生的。本文认为这两种结构作为及物性变异应该具有同样的派生过程。本文将事件结构理论引入对这两种结构的研究，提出了ｔｈｅｔａ角色和ｅｖｅｎｔ角色两次投射的假设，在此基础上对它们作出了一致的解释。此外，本文还对双重投射假设的普遍意义进行了讨论。

ransitivity alternation is a cross-linguistic and highly productive linguistic representation. It includes the ergative construction and the middle construction. Transitivity has been the pivot of syntactic studies for a few decades. The study of the linguistic phenomena must clearly address the following two questions: 1). How is the derived subject noun case-marked? 2). What is the derivation process like? The research undertaken by linguists within the framework of GB Theory has not arrived at a unified explanation of the two constructions mentioned above. Since the appearance of the Minimalist Program, the discussion of transitivity alternations seems to have been less heated, but that does not mean the linguistic phenomena need no further explanation. This paper introduces the Event Structure Theory into the framework of the Minimalist Program in discussing transitivity alternations, on the basis of which this paper puts forward a biprojection hypothesis which includes a θ-role projection and an e-role projection. With the help of the two projections, the paper finally provides a unified explanation of the derivation process of the ergative construction and the middle construction. The paper also touches upon the universal property of the biprojection hypothesis in syntactic generation.