四川省温江县鱼凫村遗址调查与试掘

Excavation of the Yufucun Site at Wenjiang in Sichuan

鱼凫村遗址位于四川省成都市温江县城关北约5.5公里处,东南距成都市区20公里,西南距江安河约2公里,离岷江7公里。温(江)郫(县)公路东北——西南向贯穿遗址北部和西部。地理座标为东经103°49′、北纬30°45′,海拔高度556～560米(图一)。遗址属成都平原中部,地势平坦,整个走向自西北向东南缓慢倾斜,属中亚热带湿润季风气候,使该处以湿润、四季分明为特色,雨量充沛,气候适宜,利于耕作。

Lying in the center of the open Chengdu Plains featuring the moist subtropical mon- soon climate, the site is located within the Chengdu municipality, about 5.5km to the north of the county seat of Wenjiang, 2km to the northeast of the Jiang'an River and 7km from the Minjiang River. Short, discontinuous walls were found on the surface, and underwent tentative excava- tion in 1996. The area enclosed by these walls shows a irregular multilateral plan measuring three hundred twenty thousand sqm. Four testing squares were dug inside the walls, and a section of wall was excavated, yielding some ash pits and ditches along with a lot of pottery and stone objects. According to the data obtained from this excavation, in comparison with those from other Neolithic sites in the Chengdu Plains, the cultural deposits here can be di- vided into three phases, with the first phase preceding the building of the walls and the se cond beginning with the erection of the walls. The first and second correspond largely to the Baodun site or the lower Yueliangwan site or the first phase of the Sanxingdui site, not later than the Longshan period dated to 4000 years ago. The third phase must be some- where between the first and second phases of the Sanxingdui site. The excavation of the site is of much help for the establishment of the archaeological sequence in Sichuan.