青少年运动员热环境运动补液时汗电解质研究

The Changes of Sweat Electrolyte Concentration of Adolescent Athletes Exercising in Hot Environment with Replacement Drinks

研究10名少年排球运动员在热环境下运动补充不同含钠量饮料时出汗情况和汗液中电解质水平。集汗方法采用Verde法加以改进,汗液中电解质采用原子吸收分光光度计法。结果表明,少年运动员在室温29±1℃,相对湿度84±6％条件下间断运动1.5 hr失汗量可达2.16 L。背部皮肤汗钠、钾、镁浓度分别为64.37±22.10 mmol/L,3.97±0.71 mmol/L,0.87±0.42mmol/L;丢失量分别为81.10 mmol,50.0 mmol,1.10 mmol;分别占运动员RDA的37.3％,6.5％,6.6％。热环境下大量出汗损失无机盐的问题不可忽视、补充适宜含钠量的饮料(18 mmol/L)有助于稳定汗液成分。

The purpose of this study if to observe the sweat conternt and amount of 10 male adolescent volleyball players exercising in a hot environment. The chamber's temperature was kept at 29±1℃, relative humidity 84±6%. The total amount of sweat each was to 2. 16L after 1. 5hr intermittent exercise. The Na+ , K+, Mg++ content of sweat collected from back skin was 64. 37 ± 22. 1 mmol/L, 3. 97±0. 71 mmol/L, 0. 87±0. 42 mmol/L, repectively with total amount lost 81. 10 mmol, 5. 0 mmol, and 1. 10 mmol. The ratio of the amount lost to RDA (Recommended Dietary Allowances)for players is 37. 3%, 6. 5, and 6. 6% respectively. Thus it can be ignored that the body electrolytes will be lost from sweat significantly when players are training in hot environment and lose a huge amount of sweat. It was also found that the sweat content maintained relatively stable when players took the drinks of 18 mmol/L Na+ as replacement fluid.