身体锻炼方式与中老年人信息加工能力的关系

Relationship between Different Physical Exercise Styles and Information Processing in Middle-aged and Old People

182名受试者被分为3个锻炼组和1个对照组。3个锻炼组是:大极拳/剑组、导引养生功组和慢跑锻炼组。结果表明:1,积极锻炼者的心理健康指标明显优于不积极锻炼者;2,各积极锻炼组之间心理健康指标的差异不大;3,太极拳/剑锻炼对于中老年人数字广度的保持具有更积极的意义,表现为它见效快,所有负荷小,但如果坚持锻炼时间在6 a以上,则慢跑锻炼比太极和导引对数字广度的保持更为有效;4,身体锻炼对延缓心理衰老的积极作用,可能在于其对参与者注意和意识状态的有效调整。

Equipment test, psychometrics and questionnaire were used in this study to investigate the cognition dimension of mental health of 182 middle - aged and old urban dwellers in Beijing. Subjects were divided into three groups and a sedentary control group for comparison. The three experimental groups were Tai-ji, Daoyin Qigong, and jogging. The results showed that: 1. Significant differences on mental health indices were observed between active exercise participants and sedentary, and exercise had positive effect on mental health; 2. No significant differences of mental health indices were observed between different exercise groups; 3. The effect of Taiji on digit span appeared earlier and it needed less exercise workloak than jogging in the first 3 to 6 years ; but if the adherence was longer than 6 years, jogging manifested more significantly than Taiji and Daoyin; and 4. The possible explanation of the benefits in preventiong from being aged caused by active physical exercise was due to its effective reformation of participants' concentration and consciousness.