时代的标志与时代的精神——评“现代化理论”与“现代化新论”

An Appraisal of Western Modernization Theory and the “New Theory of Modernization”

一、“现代化理论”：“进步”观念的现代发展本世纪５０—６０年代出现的、７０－８０年代盛行的“现代化理论”，对开放改革的中国学术界来说，起了一种震聋发聩的作用。“现代化理论”并非是一个统一的理论体系，而是西方学术界，其中绝大多数是美国学者，在探讨第二次...

Abstract This paper reveals that western modernization theory developed on the basis of the traditional theory of “progress”,its nucleus is a modern development of “progress”concept. This theory mainly inquired into the problems of developments after the Second World War and advocated that the West European North American modernization is the only model for nonwestern and under developed societies to follow. This theory, therefore, had a deep mark of “Capitalist Class”. The new theory of modernization by professor Luo Rongqu as an outstanding representative in Chinese academic circle, gives the “progress”concept a Marxist new interpretation, in which he researched into the nature and motive of modernization and resolved such problems as historical standing of modernization and its motive, the historical law of monistic development with multidirections, and the modernization for post developing third world countries, thus he broke away from the non historical theory of western sociologists and revealed the great trend of modernization of the whole world.