埃塞俄比亚的民族问题及民族政策

ETHIOPIA'S NATIONAL ISSUE AND POLICY

埃塞俄比亚的民族问题及民族政策钟伟云１９９１年５月，埃塞俄比亚政府发生更迭。以武力推翻门格斯图政权而上台的埃塞俄比亚人民革命民主阵线（简称“埃革阵”）政权开始实施一种与历届政府完全不同的民族政策，即以宪法的方式规定实行以民族区域自治为基础的联邦制，各...

Abstract Ethiopia's national issue has a long historical origin.In the course of southward expansion of the Ethiopian civilization,the feudalist rule of the Amhara nationality increasingly aroused discontent of the people of the other nationalities.The Mengistu regime failed to well manage the national relationship,too.The Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia born in August 1995 has adopted a new national policy:Based on the principle of national equality, it pursues national regional autonomy and federalism; every nationality enjoys the right to self determination including the right to secession;the state of affairs in which the Amhara monopolised every power is to change gradually,and the interests of the various nationalities are being taken care of in the federal institutions;and it upholds national party politics,encouraging the formation of political parties on the basis of nationalities. The new national policy has relaxed the national contradictions,but it is confronted with challenges in two aspects:One is that some people hold that the new national policy will eventually lead to the disintegration of Ethiopia, so they are opposed to it; the other is that some extremist national organizations are dissatisfied with the way the EPRDF carry out the new national policy.Therefore,Ethiopia's new national policy is still facing test.