论冷战后世界政治的多极化与大国间的战略竞争

Multi-polarization in World Politics and Strategic Competitions among Big Powers after the Cold War

本文认为：两极格局终结后至今，以美、欧、日、中、俄五大力量为主体的世界多极格局的框架结构已基本形成；１９９３年前，各大力量为争取构筑冷战结束后新格局的主导权或主动权，制定和实施了各自不同的战略构想，即美国的“单极世界”战略，欧洲的大“欧洲邦联”与“世界中心”战略，日本的日、美、欧“三极”战略，中国的“多极”战略，俄罗斯（苏联）追随美国以维持其大国地位的战略；１９９３年后，经过前一时期的较量，美、欧、俄、日相继对各自的战略作了较大调整，唯有中国始终坚持构筑“多极”并为其中“一极”的一贯战略方针。

Abstract Since the end of the bipolar pattern a worldwide multipolar structure with the US, Europe, Japan, China and Russia at the lead has emerged. Until 1993 intensive rivalry among the big powers cited above had been in progress when each of them resorted to a different strategy to win dominance or initiative after the Cold War. There had been the strategy of “a world of unipole” by the US, the strategy of “European confederation” and “world Center” by Europe, the “three-polar” strategy of Japan, US and Europe by Japan, the strategy of “multipolar pattern” by China, and the strategy of Russia-US “bipolar” strategy by Russia. Since 1993, the US, Europe, Russia and Japan have adopted a realistic attitude and made adjustment to their own strategies, while China alone maintains a consistent attitude of being “one pole” in the “multipolar” structure, which proves to be the only strategy that is correct.