翻译:从文本出发——对等效翻译论的反思

Translation: starting from the original text —— a rethinking of the equivalenteffect theory

本文对流行在中国评论界多年的等效翻译论提出质疑，指出其理论根据的谬误，以及接受美学给等效论留下的悖论，并说明它对翻译研究的误导性。作者从本体论的观点出发，主张用文艺学现象学的方法对文本进行阅读（向心式阅读）和理解，即，从语音／意义单位层、再现客体层／图式化观相层和形而上质层去探究作品的意义。值得注意的是“从文本出发”并非把文本看成封闭的系统。

This paper is a criticism of the theory of equivalent effect which has prevailed in Chinas theoritical world of translation studies, pointing out the paradox of the theory which is based on the reception theory in literary criticism, and its misleading effect on translation studies. Based on the ontological view, the author advocates the application of the “close reading” method put forth by literary phenomenological theory in the exploration of the implied meanings of the original text. The translator had to understand the text from the five levels, i.e. sound / meaning, represented object / schematized aspect, and metaphysical quality of a text. Starting from the original text does not mean regarding the text as a closed system but only a starting point and a basis of translation.