中国传奇喜剧英雄发生的文化机制

The Cultural Mechanism for Chinese Legendary Comedy Heroes

中国小说史上，张飞、李逵、牛皋、程咬金、焦赞、焦廷贵等形象构成了一个独特的传奇喜剧英雄系列。他们是在虽微弱但却源远流长的中国喜剧艺术的基础上发展起来的，是在对正统文学尤其是史传文学的反动和下层文人大胆的艺术创造过程中产生的。他们是中国平民喜剧精神的物质凝聚、集中体现和高度总结，是平民喜剧精神与元、明、清之际时代精神交合作用的结晶。

In the history of Chinese fiction, the figures such as Zhang Fei,Li Kui,Niu Gao, Chen Yaojin, Jiao Zan, Jiao Tinggui, etc. were composed of the unpique series oflegendary comedy heroes. They were created on basis of the Chinese comedy art, which waslong standing and well established though it had the minor important. Besides, theywere produced in the processes of opposition to orthodox literature, especially literature for his historical bioglaphy, and the bold art creation by the writers living in the bottom of society. Theywere the embodiment in written form and highly summation of spirit of Chinese populace comedy and also the fruit of combination of this spirit and the spirit of the times during the periodsof the Yuan, Ming and Qing dynasties.[