孟德尔学说纵横谈

On the Theory of Mendel

奥地利学者孟德尔是遗传学的奠基人．孟德尔学说集中地体现在他的一篇题为《植物杂交的试验》的论文之中．在这篇论文中，他率先提出了遗传的分离规律和自由组合规律．这两个重要规律的发现，在遗传学史上具有划时代的意义，它为遗传学的诞生和发展奠定了基础．本文主要综述了孟德尔学说的建立及其在我国的传播．

G. J. Mendel, an Austrian scholar, is founder of genetics. 'Experiment on Plant Hy-bridization', one of his essays, focuses the essence of his theory, wherein he first ad-vanced the law of segregation and the law of independent assortment ingenetics. Thediscovery of the two improtant laws has an epoch-making significance in the history ofgenetics. It also laid the foundation for the birth and development of genetics. The pre-sent article deals comprehensively with the founding of Mendel's theory and its diffu-sion in China.