越南国营企业的改革

Reform on Vietnamese State-owned Enterprises

越南国营企业的改革云南师大东南亚研究所韦德星自从１９７９年８月越共四届六中全会到现在，越南经历了新经济政策和革新开放两个发展时期，越南国营企业的改革也经历了摸索与试验、初步改革、全面改革及深化改革四个阶段。十多年来，越南国营企业改革取得了初步成效。下...

Since the 1980s, Vietnam has undergone two developing periods of pursuing the new economic policy and innovation and opening to the world. The reform on the SOEs has also gone through four stages of exploration and trial, initial innovation, and overall and deepening reform. During the process, the measures such as decentralizing, changing from profit- handing-in to tax-paying,and from financial allocation to bank-loaning, establishing factory directorship system and group shareholding and so on, have been carried out respectively. All these steps help break the bounds of different levels of the administrative sectors of SOEs and those between the central and local enterprises. Meanwhile, along with larger-scaled national general companies have come into being,the strength of SOEs and the administration of the state upon SOEs have been much improved. The reforms are encouraged to bankrupt the intermediate and small-sized enterprises in order to lighten the burden on the state and force other enterprises to enhance their productivity and seek ways out. Besides, the problems of arranging off-post personnel have been properly settled and the stability of the society being guaranteed. There are also some troubles hung about the reform on the Vietnamese SOEs such as the backward technical equipment, poor management and productivity, inferior quality of products and weak competitiveness. Considerable difficulties also exist to slow down the progress of the privatization of the intermediate and small- sized SOEs and the spread of shareholding system.