论咏史诗的寄托

On the Suggestive Meaning of Poems Composed on Historical Fact

从诗人对历史的切入点和对史料、史实的运用区分，咏史诗存在着传体咏史、论体咏史、比体咏史三类。而只有意含寄托的作品才称得上是比体咏史诗。咏史诗的寄托是诗人相对游离于史料，使史料成为作者寄托情志的工具才得以实现的。意含寄托的咏史诗在审美价值上要高于其他两类的咏史诗，在诗评史上也受到历代诗评家的推崇。

According to the approach to history and the differentiation and application of historical facts and data,the poetry composed on historical fact can be divided into three types:1.biographical poetry;2.commentary poetry;3.analogous poetry.Only those works with suggestive meaning are classified as analogous poetry composed on historical fact.The suggestive meaning is achieved only when the poet keeps away from historical data and makes them his tools to convey his feelings.As far as aesthetic value is concerned,poems composed on historical fact with suggestive meaning are better than the other two types of poetry,and highly appreciated by critics.