论当代黑非洲的部族文化整合与国民文化重构——兼论“非洲社会主义”的评价问题

ON CONTEMPORARY BLACK AFRICAS CONFORMITY OF TRIBAL CULTURE AND RECONSTRUCTION OF NATIONAL CULTURE—CONCURRENTLY ON APPRAISAL OF “AFRICAN SOCIALISM”

论当代黑非洲的部族文化整合与国民文化重构——兼论“非洲社会主义”的评价问题刘鸿武一从本世纪６０年代起，在撒哈拉沙漠以南的热带非洲大陆，相继出现了数十个年轻的黑非洲国家。对于这些国家来说，它们面临的一个普遍问题，是如何在文化上实现由传统部族文化向现代国...

Since 1960s,the black African countries have been confronted with a common issue, that is, the realization of transition or transformation from the traditional tribal culture to a modern national culure. This transformation is of great importance in the development of the black African countries, its basic feature being that both the state organ of power and the government bureaucratic apparatus are used as the principal means for creating a unified national culture and have exercised the essential function in promoting the process of national integration. Socialism, as it could provide both “the most effective” theory and the institutional model for realizing its objective of development, was very much favoured and so “accepted” by leaders of the black African countries, and has played a distinctive role in cultural development of these countries (although it was generally unsuccessful in terms of promoting their modern economic development). It was also the profound social and historical origin as well as the practical reason which explains why socialism should once spread so extensively in contemporary Black Africa.