联邦制在非洲:经验教训与前景

TX FEDERALISM IN AFRICA: EXPERIENCES, LESSONS AND PROSPECTS

联邦制在非洲：经验教训与前景高晋元近几年来，不少非洲国家（包括埃塞俄比亚、南非、喀麦隆、尼日尔、苏丹、索马里、乍得、乌干达等等）内部传出了改变国家体制——由单一行政制或中央集权制改行联邦制的呼声。各地呼声强弱不一，此起彼落，虽没有形成类似多党民主那样...

AbstractCurrently, only 4 out of 53 African countries are pursuing federal system of government, a fact that seems to prove centralism as more suitable for the present African conditions. The sustained relatively smooth running of the system in some countries produced such experiences as:One, it must be an outcome of historical development with the member regions having a traditional base of autonomy; Two, it must be to the interest of the unity of the country as well as the development of the whole nation and the federal regions; Three, there must be an appropriate division of power and benefit, being satisfactory to both the centre and the regions; Four, the centre must remain powerful and be capable of keeping situations under control. Many factors have led to recent sporadic calls for federalism in a number of African countries. But as the centre, upon wiich the adoption of any system mainly depends, has shown little interest in federalism, most of the countries where there is such a call will see no change in this respect. However, one or two ,exceptions are possible.