南非公务员制度改革及现状

THE REFORM AND PRESENT CONDITION OF THE PUBLIC SERVANT SYSTEM IN SOUTH AFRICA

南非公务员制度改革及现状唐志超南非的公务员制度渊源于英国的文官制度，其第一个法案是１８８５年的开普公务员法，发展至今已有１００多年的历史。新南非成立前，南非的公务员制度经过长期的不断完善与发展，已形成了一整套的制度体系，不但继承了英国文官制度的传统，...

AbstractSouth Africa's Public Servant System can find its origin in the British civil service. Prior to the inception of the new South Africa, South Africa's public servant system had undergone long term and continuous elaboration and had grown into a set of institutional structure.During the apartheid era,South Africa's public servant system was also stamped with the unequal and unjust brand of racial discrimination.The founding of the new South Africa called urgently for a change of this state of affairs so as to fall in line with the new situation. The chief contents and objectives of the reform are: to raise operational efficiency to meet the essential requirements, increase the proportion of the blacks in the public service, and realize the objective of its broad representativeness; to enhance the systembuilding and management; to increase the public servants' wages and salaries and improve their working conditions; to promote effective and rational labour relationship; to heighten the public servants' occupational ethics; to practice democracy and prevent autocracy and arbitrariness; to strengthen the management over the development of human resources; and to intensify supervision and appraisal of the public servants. The two principal objectives of the reform are the raising of efficiency and the broadening of the representativeness.