信息加工的阶段及其年龄差异源

SOURCES OF AGE DIFFERENCES IN INFORMATION PROCESSING STAGES

选择7—19岁的被试140名，对四种不同任务进行操作。结果表明，相同图形的空间调整过程速度除7岁年龄段以外，其余年龄段变化较小;不同图形调整过程速度、不同字母转换过程速度和不同字母的转换差异速度到了11岁以后，基本保持不变，而且，图形调整速度和字母转换速度基本相同；指数函数能较好地描述选择和反应过程速度随年龄增长而变化的特性，不能较好地描述字母转换过程速度随年龄增长而变化的特性，直线方程则不能很好地描述不同任务加工速度随年龄增长而变化的特性；最后，本研究对信息加工阶段及其年龄差异源进行了讨论。

140 people aged 7-19 were tested in four different tasks. Except for the 7-yeear-olds,the spatial regulating speed of the same figures was found to be slightly different; the regulating speed of different figures, the translating speed and the translating diversity of different letters in people aged 11 and above were basically constant. The other processing stages speeded gradually with age. The agerelated variable characteristics in the altering,reacting stages were well edscribed by exponential functions, but not those in the letter matching stages.