β-tubulin-Ⅲ、E-cadherin和α-catenin在乳腺癌及癌前病变中的表达及诊断意义

The expressions and diagnostic significance of β-tubulin-Ⅲ,E-cadherin and α-catenin in precancerous Lesions and carcinoma of the breast

目的探讨乳腺癌前病变及浸润性癌中β-tubulin-Ⅲ、E-cadherin和α-catenin的表达及诊断意义。方法采用免疫组织化学Ultra Sensitive TM S-P法检测20例乳腺非典型导管上皮增生(ADH)、60例乳腺导管原位癌(DCIS)和90例浸润性乳腺癌(IDC)中的β-tubulin-Ⅲ、E-cadherin和α-catenin的表达,以30例正常乳腺组织作对照。结果β-tubulin-Ⅲ微管蛋白的表达:(1)β-tubulin-Ⅲ微管蛋白在正常对照组、ADH、DCIS和IDC组中表达率为22.0%,55.0%,71.7%,84.4%,4组间差异有统计学意义(χ2=22.298,P<0.05),两两组间比较,导管原位癌组、浸润性导管癌组与非典型导管增生组、正常对照组比较均差异有统计学意义(χ2=39.525,22.474,6.551,P<0.05)。2.E-cadherin和α-catenin的表达:在正常对照组、ADH、DCIS和IDC组中,E-cadherin的表达率分别为100%、75.0%、68.3%和41.1%,α-catenin的表达率为100.0%、80.0%、73.3%和56.7%,在四组中E-cadherin和α-catenin的表达差异有统计学意义(χ2=18.65,10.97,P<0.05)。结论乳腺癌前病变中β-tubulin-Ⅲ过表达,可能是乳腺癌形成的早期事件;E-cadherin和α-catenin在乳腺细胞过度增殖、恶性转化的过程中起重要作用,可作为判断组织病变程度及侵袭能力强弱的因素,β-tubulin-Ⅲ微管蛋白及E-cadherin、α-catenin有可能成为诊断和评估乳腺癌变和治疗的指标。

Objective To explore the expression and diagnostic significance of β-tubulin-Ⅲproteins,E-cadherin and α-catenin in breast precancerous lesions,including atypical ductal hyperplasia( ADH),ductal carcinoma in situ( DCIS) and invasive ductal carcinomas( IDC). Methods The expressions of β-tubulin-Ⅲ,E-cadherin and α-catenin were investigated by immunhistochemical Ultra Sensitive TM S-P method of precancerous Lesions including 20 cases of ADH,60 cases of DCIS,and 90 cases of carcinoma of the breast. 30 cases of normal breast tissues were selected as a control group. Results( 1) Significant differences of the β-tubulin-Ⅲ proteins expression were found among the four groups of normal breast tissues( 20%),ADH( 55. 0%),DCIS( 71. 7%) and IDC( 84. 4%),( χ2= 22. 298,P < 0. 05),( P < 0. 05).( 2) The expressions of E-cadherin and α-catenin in observed and controll groups: The expressions of E-cadherin in normal group,ADH,DCIS and IDC were 100%,75. 0%,68. 3% and 41. 1%. The expressions of α-catenin in normal group,ADH,DCIS and IDC groups were 100%,80. 0%,73. 3% and 56. 7%. There were significant differences of the expressions of E-cadherin and α-catenin between DCIS and IDC( χ2=18. 650,10. 970,P < 0. 05). Conclusions Abnormal expression of β-tubulin-Ⅲ may be an early event in the development of breast tumor. The aberration of β-tubulin-Ⅲ may play a key role during oncogenesis and promote breast cellular transformation into malignancy. The abnormal expressions of E-cadherin andα-catenin with the degree of breast disease relates to the development,progression and metastasis of breast carcinoma,which may serve as one of the parameters for diagnosis of breast carcinoma and determine biological behavior and prognosis of breast carcinoma.