384名运动员心理状态的调查分析

Investigation of the Psychological State of Elite Athletes

一、前言关于人的心理状态在体育运动中的特点及形成和发展规律,引起了国内外有关心理学家和体育工作者的重视。例如苏联A·B·罗季奥诺夫主编的《高级运动员的运动心理学》把心理状态的研究作为运动心理学研究的主要内容之一。

With the rapid development of psychological researches and the improvement of athletic performances, much attention has been given to the study of the psychological state of athletes in many countries. But little has been done in this field in our couptry.Availing ourselves of the opportunity offered by the Filth National Games held in Shanghai in 1983, we carried out an investigation on the psychological state of 384 athletes taking part in the final competitions of various events. Our findings showed that the psychological state of an athlete reflected the overall characteristic features of his or her mental activities over a specific period of time; it was a form of reaction shown by an athlete engaged in a specific sport event towards his/her internal and external surroundings; it was formed and developed through long years of athletic practice; it has a dynamic quality and synthesizing nature and is characterized by continuity and plasticity.