摘要
七十年代末期以来特别是八十年代前半期,美国的高利率问题非常突出。它是美国与盟国不断争吵、和第三世界国家尖锐冲突、乃至引起统治集团内部政策分歧的一个重要因素,已经成为当前最大的国际金融问题和国际经济领域中各种矛盾斗争的一个焦点。美国的高利率问题是怎样形成的?它对世界经济和政治形势的影响如何?其发展趋势又将怎样?本文拟就这些问题作一初步分析。
The high US interest rate has now becomethe biggest issue in current international finance and a focal point,at the same time,of a variety of contradictions in the world economy.Opinions among financial andpolitical circles inside and outside the United States vary as to its origin.Some laythe blame on the deflationary policy of the Reagan Administration,others condemn themarket forces as the real culprits.As a matter of fact,it is a syndrome caused by avariety of factors—long-term as well as short-term,both domestic and foreign.Insum,it is the result of the combined effects of money market factors(within andwithout the United States) and US administrative measures,which represents an inevit-able outcome of the development of US state monopoly capitalism under a specifichistorical condition.Furthermore,high US interest rate means a kind of cruel exploita-tion of the Third World countries,which aggravates the contradictions between theUnited States and many developing countries,and infringes upon the interests of WesternEurope and Japan.A phenomenon caused by complicated factors,high US interest ratewill possibly not disappear in a short span of time and will continue to wreak havocon the world economy.
