摘要
前言词表的组织或编码方式对回忆是有影响的。例如,沿语词某一编码维量(语音、语义或词形)编码的所谓类似性词表,就是使词表内各项目沿该维量共同一致,从而显示出词表的某种组织性。与此相对立的无关词表,表内各项目间无任何组织和联系。在自由回忆条件下,类似性词表比无关词表的回忆成绩好(Horowitz,1961),这反映出有组织编码方式对无组织编码方式的优势。本文试图沿着这个方向作进一步的研究,目的在于:第一。
Under the free recall paradigm,three kinds of encoding modes of wordlists were tested as to their effectson short-term and long-term verbalmemory.The results show that theeffect of encoding modes is not all-or-none,rather,a matter of degrees,i.e,thebetter organized the encoding mode,themore effective the word list will be.The advantage of well-organized encod-iny modes over poorly organized onesfinds expression in the amount of reten-tion.The forgetting rates and recover-ing rates,however,are not sensitiveto'this advantage on account of thesubject's initiative in the process ofinformation retrieval.As an independentvariable,the encoding modes of wordlists only affects secondary memoryperformance rather than primary mem-ory in immediate recall.Of the threekinds of encoding modes,primary mem-ory holds a limited capacity of 2.6——2.8 disyllabic Chinese words.
