斯里兰卡的佛教复兴与僧伽罗民族主义

Revival of Buddhism in Sri Lanka and Sinhalese Nationalism

到十九世纪,长期欧洲殖民统治带给斯里兰卡传统社会的深远影响已经越来越明显地表现出来了。一方面是传统社会结构被破坏,新的社会经济体制逐渐形成,出现了新的阶级和新的社会集团;另一方面则是广大斯里兰卡人民对殖民统治的强烈不满导致了民族意识的觉醒和民族解放思想的萌生。在佛教界人士、僧伽罗知识阶层和一些中等阶层人士中,逐渐形成了社会启蒙思想的潮流,这种潮流带有强烈的宗教性质,后来发展成佛教复兴运动。

A view is put fortn in this paper that the revival of Buddhism in Sri Lanka during the 19th century was a reaction to the religious, cultural and political pressures brought to. bear by Western colonicalism. It rekindled religious feelings and nationalist sentiments among the Sinhalese, which in turn dealt a blow to colonicalism but afterwards became a snake in the grass in Sri Lanka's post-independence political life or a negative factor in the Sin- halese-Tamil relationship.