从人物传记看《史记》的人文精神

Humanity of Biography in Sima Qian's Shiji

《史记》不仅兼有"不虚美,不隐恶"的历史价值及语言艺术多方面的审美价值,而且知人论世、鉴古讽今意味深长,从编排体例到具体内容都以人的活动为中心。尤其是人物传记中全面确立了人在社会历史发展中的重要作用与主体地位,形象地展示了人的生存状态、生命价值与不同个体的人格特质,充分体现了作者对社会人生的终极关怀与充满忧患的人文精神。

Shi-Ji(Records of the Grand Historian) written by SiMa Qian includes historical merits such as'no beauti- fying someone's action,no hiding someone's wrongdoings'and aesthetic standards on language and literature. Moreover,in terms of evaluating historical figures,the author had exceptional insights from his own viewpoints, therefore bring a unlimited interest to the readers.In the process of arranging writing rules and organizing articles, SiMa Qian determined standards centering on the actions of historical personages.As a result,Shi-Ji reveals those historical personages' living conditions,life values and theirs own characters,showing the utmost solicitude to soci- ety and humane sprites of the author.