杨树用于三峡水库消落区生态防护林建设的可行性分析

FEASIBILITY ANALYSIS OF POPLAR FOR THE CONSTRUCTION OF ECOLOGICAL PROTECTION FOREST IN THE WATER-LEVEL-FLUCTUATING ZONE OF THE THREE GORGES RESERVOIR

尽管三峡工程带来较大的社会经济效益,但同时也引起一些不可逆的生态环境问题。消落区是水陆生态系统的过渡带,消落区植被对维护库岸稳定、降低水土流失、保持生物多样性以及水体净化等方面具有重要作用。适宜三峡水库消落区生态防护林建设的适宜树种必须具备耐冬季水淹、适应夏季干旱、改良土壤的能力,同时还应具备经济价值。从消落区特性、杨树的生长特性及经济价值、耐水淹能力、耐干旱能力、修复土壤环境能力等方面阐述杨树用于三峡水库消落区生态防护林建设的可行性。综合分析,黑杨组杨树具备较强的耐水淹能力,适宜作为消落区生态防护林建设的模式树种,建议开展三峡水库消落区杨树生态防护林试点示范建设及应用研究,为消落区的生态防护林建设提供理论依据与科学指导。

Although the Three Gorges Project offers many socio-economic benefits,it imposes negative and irreversible impacts on eco-environmental aspects.Riparian ecosystems form a transitional zone between terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems.The riparian vegetation plays important roles in stabilizing riverbanks,decreasing soil erosin,maintaining local biodiversity and improving water quality.The suitable tree species for the construction of ecological protection forest in the Water-Level-Fluctuating Zone of the Three Gorges Reservoir shoud possess winter flooding tolerance,adaptabilities to summer drought stress,abilities to improve soil characteristic and create economic values.This paper discussed the feasibility of poplar for the construction of ecological protection forest in the Water-Level-Fluctuating Zone of the Three Gorges Reservoir from several aspects such as characteristic of Water-Level-Fluctuating Zone,and properties of poplar including growth traits and economic values,adaptabilities to winter flooding stress and summer drought stress,ability to repair the soil environments.In conclusion,the species belonging to Populus Section Aigeiros Duby possessed certain tolerance to flooding stress,and could be used as model species for the construction of ecological protection forest.We suggested that the construction of demonstration base and related applied studies about poplar for ecological protection forest in the Water-Level-Fluctuating Zone of the Three Gorges Reservoir should be carried out,which could provide certain theoretical basis and scientific instructions for the construction of ecological protection forest in the Water-Level-Fluctuating Zone of the Three Gorges Reservoir.