麻疯树(Jatropha curcas L.)植物学研究进展

BOTANIC RESEARCH ADVANCES OF JATROPHA CARCAS L.

麻疯树作为一种新兴的资源植物,因其生物柴油用途和综合利用潜力,受到世界各国及科学家的高度关注。本文综述了近年来国内外麻疯树植物学研究的概况,系统地介绍了麻疯树系统分类与资源分布,形态结构,生殖生物学特性,组织培养,种子生理、胁迫生理及植物生态学等方面的研究现状。在分类及分布方面,介绍了麻疯树目前的分类地位研究现状,及其在世界范围的地理分布情况;在形态结构研究方面,开展了麻疯树植物学基本特征、染色体核型、根、茎、叶、花、果实、种子的结构研究;蛋白质和基因结构研究集中在功能蛋白和关键基因的发现和克隆;生殖生物学的研究分别开展了繁育系统、传粉过程、开花生物学等研究;在植物生理学方面,重点开展了麻疯树的组织培养、种子生理和胁迫生理的研究;在植物生态学方面,光合生理生态是目前的重点。分析研究进展的不足,提出了麻疯树植物学研究的主要方向。

Jatropha curcas L.,a newly developed resource plant,has gained much attention from many countries and scientists for its being bio-diesel substitute and comprehensive utilization potential.This paper mainly summarized the botanic research advances of J.curcas,including phytogenetic classification status,resources distribution,morphological structure,character of productive biology,physiology,plant ecology and so on.From the research of classification and distribution,we introduced its present classification status and resources distribution worldwide.From the morphological structure,the researches of botanical main characteristic,chromosome karyotype,structure of its root,stem,leaf,flower,fruit and seed have been done.The researches of the structure of proteins and gene are focused on the finding and clone of the functional proteins and key genes.From the productive biology,there are studies about Jatropha's breeding system,pollination process and flowering phenology.The studies about tissue culture,seed physiology and stress physiology are focused on the plant physiology.In plant ecology,photosynthetic and physiological are the most important researches.Totally,this study analyzed the research deficiency and proposed main direction of J.curcas botanic research.