我国灾害问题的严重性及综合防灾减灾机制研究

Development Trend of Disasters in China and Comprehensive Disaster Prevention and Mitigation Mechanism

中国灾害种类多,发生频率高,是世界上自然灾害最严重的少数几个国家之一,近年来,随着经济的快速发展,人为灾害也在迅速增多,灾害损失明显上升。频繁发生的各种灾害已经成为国民经济发展长期性制约因素。目前减灾工作中存在许多问题,不能适应经济社会发展需要。应从建立全社会的风险防范机制、灾害评估机制与减灾投入机制、灾害风险管理机制、灾害预警应急机制、多元化主体的救灾机制等方面构建和完善中国综合防灾减灾机制,不断提高综合减灾能力,促进减灾与经济社会的协调发展。

China is one of the world's few countries that are hit by serious natural disasters.In recent years,with the economic development,human - caused disasters are also growing rapidly,and disaster losses rise obviously.The occurrence of disasters in China constrained the long - run national economic development.Disasters mitigation has faced various problems.The following countermeasures are given to improve China's disaster mitigation mechanism:setting up nation - wide risk prevention mechanism;disaster assessment mechanism;disaster mitigation input mechanism;disaster risk management mechanism,disaster warning mechanism,and multi - subject disaster relief mechanism.