日语身体词汇“胸”的多义结构及语义扩张模式

The Polysemy and Semantic Extension of the Japanese Mune(chest)

人体及其器官是人类认知世界的基础,人类由近及远、由实体到非实体、由简单到复杂、由具体到抽象的认知规律是身体词汇多义演变和词义扩张的基本规则,隐喻化等是人类形成和表达概念的基本途径,也是身体词多义扩张的基本动因。基于这种认识,本文用认知语言学的理论,探讨了日语身体词汇扩张的理论基础、认知特点以及扩张途径。

The human body and its parts are the basis of human cognition.The basic rule of polysemous variation and semantic extension of words is that from substance to non-substance,from simplicity to complexity,and from concreteness to abstraction,and metaphorization is the major gateway to the formation and expression of ideas while it is the motivation of semantic extension of polysemous words relevant to body parts.Starting from this point,this paper explores the theoretical basis,characteristics of cognition and pathways of semantic extension of Japanese words of body parts.