诗化生活:戏曲导演艺术体认

Poetify the Life: Some Experience and Knowledge of Opera Directing Art

中国戏曲艺术本身就是对生活的诗化 ,戏曲导演要继承和发扬诗化生活的艺术精神。诗化生活就是指戏曲导演进入到想象的、幻想的、歌舞化的创作状态 ,尽而产生出具有浓郁生活气息的、载歌载舞的、具有诗的韵致的戏曲舞台艺术形象的创作活动。戏曲导演诗化生活的工作主线就是化生活为诗 ,化诗为生活。戏曲导演应将戏曲文本的文学诗化为舞台形象的动作诗 ,即将诗的底蕴挖出做程式性处理。这个诗化生活的处理 ,在运用戏曲传统程式做感性创作材料的同时 ,又必须自觉地接受戏曲艺术程式性美学原则规范和制约 ,而程式性美学原则又必须以生活为支撑。这样 ,经过导演处理的诗化的演出形象才可能是生动的 ,有灵魂的 ,感人至深的 ,别开生面的 ,充分展现了戏曲艺术美的形象世界。戏曲导演二度创造出的舞台形象才可能是活的饱满的艺术生灵 ,而不是死的苍白的技术躯壳。在展现生活的真和理想的善的同时 ,又不失戏曲艺术的程式美 ,动作美 ,节奏美 ,腔调美 。

Chinese drama is in essence a kind of art of poetic life. The main aim of a drama director is to inherit and develop the spirit of the art of poetic life. The brief expression of poetic life is changing real life into a poem. It is creative work done by drama directors when they are indulging themselves into imaginary airy and musical state. Lots of rhymed dramatic stage figures are produced through their creative work, which are festively singing and dancing and full of life breath. THe masterstroke of drama directors′ work can be concluded by some simple work——changing lives into poems or changing poems into lives. So drama directors should change dramatic literature written in words into another artistic form expressed by stage figures, which makes people feel the rhyme of poems through performance of actors. It means developing the inside information of a poem and treating with the information in a procedural process.Moreover while directors make the most of perceptual materials in a traditional method, they have to self consciously accept the aesthetic principles of dramatic art which are supported by real life and are restricted by some criterions without any choices. Only in this way, poetic stage figures created by directors will be vivid, live, affected and having something new, which can fully embody dramatic charm. In other words, the stage figures developed will be not hidebound, pale artistic bodies but live, plump artistic creations. In brief, while deduct the reality of real life and the goodness of ideal life, Chinese, drama directors try hard to develop dramatic charm in its procedure, in its motion and in its rhythm and music. The charm sole in Chinese drama is we called national characteristics.