让戏剧暴露为戏剧——布莱希特陌生化理论之我见

Disclose the Drama into Drama——My Point of View about the Brecht's Theory of Being Strange

“陌生化理论”来自于俄国形式主义 ,是布莱希特戏剧理论的代名词。本文试图通过布莱希特本人言论的分析 ,揭示布莱希特陌生化理论的实质。本文认为 ,布莱希特的陌生化作为戏剧理论包含陌生化效果和陌生化技巧两大基本部分。其核心是阻止戏剧表现为“另一现实” ,使戏剧只作为戏剧暴露出来。其关键是打破戏剧的有机构成形态 ,把戏剧的假定性从无意识领域提高到有意识领域 ,把戏剧的假定性直接暴露在舞台上。布莱希特陌生化理论为一种向来受到的贬低的艺术即喜剧型艺术提供了合理化的根据。

“The Alienation Theory”came from Russian Formalism,which is the synonym of Brecht's theatre theory.This article tries to disclose the essential sense of Brecht's Alienation Theory by analyse Brecht's words.The article holds that as a kind of theatre theory,brecht's Alienation Theory includes two parts:alienation effect and alienation technique.Its core consists in prevent the theatre from representing “the other reality”,and expose the theatre only as a theatre.Its key dependents on destroying the organic construct of the theatre,raising the supposeness(fictionness) of theatre from subconsciousness into consciousness,and making the supposeness(fictionness) of theatre to expose directly on the stage.Brecht's Alienation Theory supplies the legitimacy for a kind of theatre that was traditionally denounced,namely,comedy.