马克思主义关于社会主义公平的理论和实践

The theory and practice of socialism fairness in Marxism

从马克思到邓小平一直探讨社会主义社会经济领域中的公平。马克思、列宁认为社会主义社会的经济生活的公平主要体现在按劳分配原则中 ,但这是平等权利中的不平等 ,认为只有实行按需分配的共产主义社会中才能实现真正的公平。毛泽东在实践中把避免两极分化作为公平的主要内容 ,贯彻按劳分配有失误。邓小平在改革开放和社会主义市场经济条件下 ,在新的分配结构和分配方式下 ,把公平归结为有利于调动群众生产积极性和生产力发展的分配模式 。

From Marx to Deng Xiaoping, fairness in economic field has always been researched. Marx and Lenin considered fairness on the economic life of the socialism society is embodied in the principle of distribution according to work, however it is inequality in equal rights. They also thought the real fairness will only be accomplished in communism society in which the principle of distribution according to need is carried out. In Mao Zedong's practice, avoiding polarization is the main content of fairness, and he had a fault in putting distribution according to work into practice. Under the policy of the reform and opening to the world,social market economy and new distribution construction and ways, Deng Xiaoping attributes fairness to a distribution method which help arouse the enthusiasm of people, develop productivity, and eventually fulfill common prosperity.