什么是进化认识论

What is the evolutionary epistemology

进化认识论是西方 2 0世纪 6 0年代末～ 70年代初出现的一股认识论思潮 ,代表人物有福尔迈、坎贝尔等人。进化认识论首先是一种认识理论 ,因此 ,它所要解决的问题 ,大多可以从近代认识论中找到。但是 ,作为一种认识理论 ,它又主要依赖于达尔文的生物进化论。它力图从进化的观点去理解和说明人类认识结构 (能力 )的起源及其发展。它不仅对一系列的经典认识论问题 (认识的本质、客观认识的可能性、天赋观念等等 )作出新的解答 ,而且试图对许多科学理论问题 (科学理论的评价、科学的进步和客观化、归纳问题等等 )作出自己的解答 ,此外 ,它也充分地考虑到了语言问题在认识论当中的重要性。进化认识论具有历史性、实证性。

Evolutionary epistemology is a western epistemological thought which appeared in the sixties and seventies of the 20th century. This thought is typically represented by Gerhard Vollmer, D.T.Campbell and others. Evolutionary epistemology is first a theory of knowledge, so most of the questions it solved can be found in the modern epistemology. However, as a contemporary theory of knowledge, it is mainly based on Darwin's theory of Evolution. Evolutionary epistemology tries to understand and explain the origin and development of the human cognition structure or ability. Not only does it put a new interpretation on a system of classical epistemological problems, namely the cognition essence, the possibility of objective cognition, natural conception and so on, but also it attempts to make its own answer to numerous questions of scientific theory, such as the assessment of scientific theory, the progress and objectification of science and inductive problem. Besides, it has adequately considered the importance of language problems in epistemology. Evolutionary epistemology possesses such characteristics as historic, positivism, trans-subjectivity.