蓟、燕分封与北京地区早期城市地理问题

On the Early Urban Geography in the Beijing Area

周初在今北京地区分封蓟、燕二国，蓟在北，燕在南，两国各自建有都城，所知北京地区城市发展的历史即由此二城开始。蓟为武王褒封，代表当地旧族。燕为成王时封，时间略晚于蓟，代表周人北进势力。后燕盛，灭蓟，徙都蓟城。从历史地理角度观察，燕城（董家林古城）虽在政治上强大一时，但因交通地理条件所碍，遂被放弃。而蓟城位置优于燕城，故为历代沿用，发展壮大。蓟城是北京城市历史地理本质的代表者，是严格意义的今北京城的前身。

Two noble states, the Yan and Ji, were granted as the fief in the area of present Beijing in the Western Zhou dynasty.While the Ji was developed from a local society, the Yan was a colony of the Zhou power from the south. The Yan was politically stronger than the Ji and moved its capital to the place of the Ji City, located on the key position within the communication network and being the best place for urban growth in the region,when it conquered the Ji. Thus the Ji City should be understood as the predecessor of present Being City.