英汉被动结构对比

A Comparative Study of English and Chinese Passive Constructions

英汉被动句的Ｄ-结构及ＮＰ转移相同，且分别具有隐含的施事。被动的起因相同。汉语的动宾结构可以充当谓语动词，只要把动宾结构看作一个动词，其被动结构与英语被动句的结构基本一致,兼语句的被动结构，也应把兼语部分看作一个整体，基本与英语被动句一样。ＮＰ对语迹的约束基本遵循约束论的原则。“被”字兼有介词和-ｅｎ的作用。汉语被动句中的ＮＰ严格遵循格位理论和题元理论。

A comparative study of English and Chinese passive constructions shows that both languages have thesame D-structure, NP-movement and motivation in the passive constructions. Both passive constructionscontain covert agents. In Chinese, V + NP can be used as a predicate verb. As long as we regard the structure and other similar structures as a single verb, English passive constructions will be the same as thoseChinese ones. NPs in Chinese passive constructions conform to Binding Theory, Case Theory, Trace Theory and Theta Theory in GB. The only difference lies in 'bei' in Chinese, which behaves like both a preposition and -en.