红壤丘陵区不同土地利用方式下土壤变化特征的研究

STUDIES ON THE CHARACTERISTICS OF SOIL CHANGE FOR DIFFERENT LAND-USE PATTERNS IN RED EARTH HILLY AREA OF CHINA

以中国科学院千烟洲试验站为例,定量地研究了红壤丘陵区不同土壤类型开垦利用为水田、旱地、桔园、马尾松、湿地松、杉树、天然林、枫香、牧草、荒草、竹丛林等多种土地利用系统物质循环的定位观测,建立了千烟洲土壤信息系统(QYZSIS)和土壤变化数据库,方便而有效地进行了不同土壤类型和不同土地利用方式下土壤变化的定量化评价、监测和制图。通过建立数学模型,模拟和预测了研究区C、N等养分含量以及降雨、林冠透雨、树干流、径流和淋溶引起的元素输入和输出。提出了相对土壤质量指数(RSQI)的概念,并且依据土壤RSQI的变化值△RSQI较好地研究和评价了研究区土壤质量变化。

In this paper, changes in soil properties and soil quality were quantitatively studied after the natural sparse shrubby-grass land and poor cultivated land had been converted into more than ten land use patterns in Qianyanzhou Experiment Station (QYZES), a typical area in red earth hills of South China. A small watershed soil information system (QYZES) and soil change data bases were developed for evaluating, monitoring, and mapping the soil changes under various soil types and land–use patterns. Process of change in soil C and N was simulated and predicted by modeling. Some liner equations were developed to forecast the element migration in ecosystems by rainfall, runoff, and soil leachate. Relative soil quality index (RSQI) was defined and proposed to evaluate soil quality and its changes.