聋人与听力正常人汉字加工认知途径的比较研究

Comparative Study on Cognitive Processing of Chinese Characters between Hearing-impaired and Normal Children

本实验以视系列呈现、选择、判断的方法对分别强化了的三类汉字认知的识虽速度进行了比较，探讨了聋人与听力正常人在阅读过程中对汉字的形码、义码、音码的信息的加工方式。实验结果发现：聋人与听力正常人在字词识别的加工过程中都表现出较强的形码作用；在字义提取时，聋人采用了通过字形直取其义的直通加工方式，听力正常人则更多地采取形／音转换后提取字义的加工方式。进一步的分析认为：聋人与听力正常人在汉字识别的内部心理机制方面并没有本质的区别。聋人也有“视觉型的语音编码”，字词的直通加工和形／音转换加工。

Based upon the experiments showing three traits of Chinese characters as stimulus,the comparison has been made between the hearing-impaired and normal children in RT functions for the judgment involved in the verbal recoding.The results show than the function of graphic code in visual processing is more strongly correlated with recognition of Chinese characters than the phonetic code and semantic code for both the hearing-impaired and normal children.For hearing-impaired children,a direct access that a semantic code is produced directly from the graphic code is abserved.However,for normal children the strategly of grapheme-phoneme conversion rules to interpret the meaning of words is used.It's shown that no significant differences of mental processing has been found between the hearing-impaired and normal childern.Perhaps both the direct access and the grapheme-phoneme conversion form a comprehensive information procession activating each other.