5Claude Cahen, "Dhimma", in The Encyclopaedia of Islam. New ed. Vol. II, Leiden: E.J. Brill, 1965, p.227.
6《古兰经》,第46章第12节,马坚译本(中国社会科学出版社1981年版).
7Mark R. Cohen, Under Crescent and Cross: The Jews in the Middle Ages, Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1994, p. 53, p. 73.
8Bat Ye'or, The Dhimmi : Jews and Christians under Islam, London: Associated University Presses, 1985, pp. 161.
9Norman A. Stillman, The Jews of Arab Lands : A History and Source Book, Philadelphia: Jewish Publication Society of America, 1979, pp.157-58.
10Bernard Lewis, ed., and trans., Islam : From the Prophet Muhammad to the Capture of Constantinople. Vol. H: Religion and Society, New York: Harper & Row, 1974, pp.217- 19.
