从运动技能学习的“高原现象”看我国地市级体校训练管理的弊端

Analysis of the drawbacks in the training administration of the local and municipal sports schools in our country through the plateau phenomenon in motor skins learning

多数地市级体校把向上级体校或专业运动队输送运动员，在各级竞技比赛中夺取奖牌的数量作为教练员的责任目标，并把完成目标的结果与教练员的福利、待遇挂钩。而这个年龄段的青少年运动员，在校期间大多处于运动技能学习中的“高原现象”期，运动技能提高缓慢，甚至停滞、下降。教练员为了完成其责任目标，往往采取“揠苗助长”式的训练方法，进行大运动量、高强度超负荷的训练，或使用不合理的营养补剂，违犯了运动训练的科学规律，影响了青少年运动员的身心健康；也使不少未突破“高原现象”期而具有良好运动潜力的青少年运动员被淘汰，造成人、财、物的浪费。

A majorify of local and municipal sports schools take the number of sending the athletes to the higher sports schools or professional sports teams and of wining the medals in athletics contests of different levels as the coaches' responsibility object.They establishes close contact between the results of object accomplishing and coaches we fare and remuneration.However,most of the young athletes are in the period of plateau phenomenon in the sports skills leaning at school;their skills develop slowly,even come decline to a standstill nevertheless,the coaches,with a view of accomplishing their responsibility object, resort to the training methods in the way of helping the shoot grew by pulling them upward.They ordered the young athletes to undertake and excessive load high intensity,or use unsuitable nutritional supplements,only to go against the scientific law of sports training and affect the young players′ physical and mental health;moreover,many young potential players who haven't broken through the plateau phenomenon period are sifted out,thus causing the waste in manpower,wealth and property.At the end of the article,the author puts forward the suggestions for changing this situation.