低收入大学毕业生的幸福感、社会支持及其关系——对“蚁族”的一项调查

Well-being,Social Support and Their Interrelationship in Low-income Groups of College Graduates: A Case Study of the “Ant Tribe”

文章选取北京、上海和广州三地695名大学毕业生,采用问卷调查法,考察了大学毕业生的幸福感与社会支持状况及其二者的关系。结果发现:(1)在幸福感方面,月收入在2000元以下的低收入大学毕业生的幸福感显著低于月收入在6000元以上的高收入大学毕业生,但性别差异不显著。(2)在社会支持方面,大学毕业生的性别与月收入的差异均不显著。(3)幸福感与社会支持在该群体的不同月收入水平上呈现出不同程度的正相关关系,对于月收入为2000元以下及4000-6000元之间的群体,二者之间为低相关;对于月收入在2000-4000元之间及6000元以上的群体,二者则呈现中等程度的相关关系。(4)月收入可以调节社会支持与幸福感之间关系的强弱:相较于高收入群体,低收入大学毕业生的社会支持对幸福感的正向预测作用更大。

The study samples a total of 695 college graduates coming respectively from Beijing,Shanghai and Guangzhou,in order to explore the well-being,social support and their interrelationship among lowincome groups of college graduates or the 'ant tribe'. To that end,questionnaires are used. It is found that( 1) those with a monthly income of less than 2,000 RMB yuan are significantly lower in their well-being score than those who earn a monthly income of more than 6,000 RMB yuan,irrespective of gender;( 2) there is no difference between the two groups in terms of social support they enjoy;( 3) there is a significantly positive correlation between well-being and social support among different income groups: with low correlation between well-being and social support among less-than-2000-yuan-monthly-income and 4000-6000-yuan-monthlyincome college graduates, and a medium correlation among 2000- 4000-yuan-monthly-income college graduates and those earning higher than 6,000;( 4) monthly income could significantly moderate the relationship between social support and well-being in the'ant tribe',that is,social support feeds significantly into the well-being of low-income groups.