西团山人骨的研究报告

HUMAN SKELETAL REMAINS UNEARTHED AT HSI T’UAN HILL,CHILIN

这篇报告的人骨材料,是由吉林市西南约4公里的西团山古墓葬中发现的。墓葬为石棺,前后一共发掘了35座,其中大部分的人骨均腐朽不堪,甚至只有几个牙齿保存。在我们这批材料中,完整者很少,能够进行比较详细研究的只有头骨2具。发掘报告已发表。

The present report deals with the human skeletal remains unearthed from anancient cemetery at Hsi T'uan Hill,located about 4 kilometres southwest of thecity of Chilin,Kirin Province.Most of the tombs are sist tombs,from which atotal of 35 sets of human skeletons have been unearthed.Their state of preservationis rather poor,with only two skulls susceptible to detailed measurements.Longbones that can be used for study include four femora,one tibia,one humerus,andone radius.The excavation report,written by one of the authors,Chia Lan-po,waspublished in KEXUE TUNGBAO (vol.1,No.8,1950).The craniologieal data (observation and measurements) analyzed and comparedwith those obtained in the adjacent regions by other scholars show the followingresults:`1.The skeletons examined belong to the Mongoloids.2.They resemble the Tungus in racial type.This is manifested in the followingcharacters of the skulls:long cranial basis,extremely narrow front region (leastfront diameter being small),high and round orbits,laterally and anteriorly projectingzygomatic bones,long and narrow form of pyriform aperature with compressed nasalbones,slight development of canine fossae and comparative wide form of palate,etc.In the classification system adopted by Soviet anthropologists,the Tungus isattributed to the Siberian (Baikal) or Northern Asiatic group whieh is one of thesubdivision of the Northern Mongoloid.3.The high incidence of ante mortem loss of teeth and periodontoclasia,showsthat this group of people probably suffered from mulnutrition and a poor livingcondition.Stature estimated from the lengths of the femor and tibia (using Trotter andGleser's tables for Mongoloids) is 159.8 cm.