公共性和私人性:丁玲前期创作的悖论

Public Character and Private Character: The Paradox of Ding Ling in Her Earlier Creative Writing

本文分析了丁玲前期的生活和写作,并由此探讨“五四”以来女性寻求独立过程中所经历的突破和面临的困境。丁玲独自离家赴异地求学,并以种种实际行动表明了同封建父权制的彻底决裂,从而初步确立了现代女性相对独立的自主地位。在此基础上,丁玲的写作本身既打破了女性在公共空间的“沉默”历史、公开展示了女性隐秘的身体欲望,因而极具颠覆意义和革命力量;同时又因为日记体的特殊体例而重新被置于私人话语的圈子里,削弱了其公共权力和合法性,并且再次把女性作为有待窥视的秘密加以性别化———这构成了丁玲创作的一个悖论。

This essay analyses the life and creative writing of Ding Ling in her early period, therefroe to discuss the success and dilemma experienced by women since the May Fourth Movement in their quest for independence. Ding Ling left home to study on her own and demonstrated her break with the feudal patriarchal system, thus initially establishing the relatively independent position of the modern woman. On this basis, Ding Ling with her writing broke women's silence in the public space and made no secret of women's physical desire, which was of great revolutionary significance. On the other hand, her diary-style writing again returned this desire to within the circle of private words, thus toning down its publicity and legitimateness and again sexualizing the feminine gender as a secret to be explored. This constituted a paradox of Ding Ling's creative writing.