长海县广鹿岛大长山岛贝丘遗址

THE SHELL-MOUND SITES ON GUANGLU AND DACHANGSHAN ISLANDS IN CHANGHAI COUNTY

长海县位于旅大市东南、黄海北部海域中,是由三十余个大小岛屿组成的列岛。其中较大的岛屿有大长山、小长山、广鹿、獐子、海洋、石城和王家岛等,这些大岛都是人民公社所在地,县政府设在大长山岛。解放前,日本人曾在各岛进行过多次考古调查和探掘"。解放后,1957年至1960年,旅顺博物馆先后派人前往各岛调查,并写出调查简报。1973年8月,再次进行调查。1977年4月,辽宁省博物馆和旅顺博物馆派人,在上马石清理十余座瓮棺葬和青铜短剑墓。1978年10、11月,辽宁省博物馆、旅顺博物馆和长海县文化馆对广鹿岛柳条沟东山、小珠山、吴家村、蛎碴岗、南窑和大长山岛上马石、高丽城山等贝丘遗址进行发掘工作。发现有居住址和大量陶器、石器、骨角器和贝器等遗物。这次发掘不仅解决了贝丘遗址的层位关系和文化内涵,同时为研究辽东半岛和山东半岛原始文化关系提供了新资料。这次发掘的一些遗址或文化层内涵相同,共分成四个文化类型。以小珠山遗址下、中。

Between October and November 1978 we excavated the shell mound sites at LiutiaogouDongahan,Xiaozhushan,Wujiacun,Lichagang and Nanyao on Guanglu Island and Shang-mashi and Gaolichengshan on Dachangshan Island,bringing to light remains of dwellingsand a large quantity of artifacts of pottery,stone,bone and horn.These sites can be classified into four culture-types,three represented respectively bythe lower,middle and upper layers of Xiaozhushan and one by Shangmashi's upper layer.The lower layer of Xiaozhushan,dating from 6,000 years ago and represented by thecylinder-shaped vase of pottery mixed with talc and decorated with impressed curvedlines,is similar to the lower layer of the Xinle site at Shenyang.The middle layer,dating from about 5,000 years,is represented by the cylinder-shapedvase of pottery mixed with sand and decorated with incised patterns.Among other potterypieces are gui pitchers,he vessels,basin-shape ding tripods and painted pottery.This typeof culture bears resemblance to that of the lower layer of the Zijingshan site at Penglai inShandong province and shows influence of th Dawenkon culture of the same province.The upper layer,dating from 4,000 years,is represented by the plain-rimmed vase ofpottery mixed with sand and ornamented with embossed designs.Pottery containers withfiat or tnrned-back lip were also discovered.Other objects such as black pottery cup,con-tainer with three ring-like legs and ding tripod,all made on the wheel,show close analogieswith those of the Longshan culture in Shandong province.This implies that they were underthe influence of this culture.The upper layer of Shangmashi is represented by the plain-rimmed vase of pottery.mixed with sand and decorated with embossed designs,yan vessel for steaming food and huwine vessel,carbon-dated to about 3,000 years.