摘要
一、什么是工效学? 工效学(Ergonomics)这个名词还没有一个固定的中文译名。它是由工作(ergon)和自然规律(nomos)两个希腊文的字根组成的。一般说,欧洲大陆用这个名称较普遍,而在美国通常使用人体工程学(Human Engineering)和人因素工程学(Human Factors Engineering),现在更多地使用后者。其它的说法还有人体状态学(Human Conditionining)。
Ergonomics could be defined as the scientific study of the relationship between man-machine-environment. In this sense, the term 'environment' is taken to cover not only the working environment, but also his tools and materials, his methods of work and the organization of work.The development of ergonomics is closely related with the progress of science and technology. The necessity of the improvement of production, transportation and armed forces plays an important role in the making of ergonomics. This problem is discussed in this article.The nature of ergonomics, the methods and different approaches to this discipline have been also studied in this article.The state of ergonomics studies in different countries at the present time is introduced in the context of general principles and ergonomic practices.
