摘要
一除了心理学家以外,人人都知道情绪是什么,然而心理学家却不能准确地描述它。这是因为情绪心理学存在着它的特殊困难性。情绪是体验、又是反应,是冲动、又是行为,是有机体的一种复合状态,是以特殊方式表现的心理的东西。它的表现有和缓的和激动的,细微的和强烈的,轻松的和紧张的等等诸多形式,它包括有机体生理和心理许多水平上的整合,广泛地同其它心理过程相联系。当我们应用情绪这个术语时,可能涉及某些或全部这些可能性。
For the past half century or so, the development of emotional physiology and psychochemistry has shed light on the biologic mechanisms of emotion.Regarding emotion as a sort of disruption or disturbance of psychological state represents a steady progress in emotional theories.The theory of information processing takes human cognitive activities as a whole and holds that it depends on the stimulation, past experiences as well as the cognitive processing when sufficient unconsistency between the present cognitive processing and the expectations is ascertained, the physiological and biochemic mechanisms are then activated. The cognitive patterns which have already been formed are thus disturbed. Some sort of emotions are produced in such a way. The motivated physical resources help organisms to adapt themselves to circumstances. Yet excessive emotional stress might disrupt the present cognitive processing and affects negatively the efficiency of motion and intelligence. Under certain conditions, it mig luence the normal physiological functions of organisms and thus cause diseases.
