福建红壤区适生牧草种质筛选及其套种于山地果园的生态效应

Screening of Pasture for the Red Soil Regions in Fujian and Ecological Effect of Pasture Intercropping in Mountainous Orchards

针对福建省红壤区域的特点,从国内外引进了128份豆科、禾本科牧草品种(品系)种质材料进行多年的适应性栽培,并从中筛选出圆叶决明、平托花生、南非马唐、鸡脚草、小黑麦等一批可供生产应用的品种(品系)。试验结果表明,在山地果园中合理套种圆叶决明、平托花生等牧草,不仅可有效防止水土流失(其发生径流次数减少11.4％,径流量则降低98.7％),而且可在一定程度上改良小生态环境,有利于果树生长,获得较好的经济效益和生态效益。

Cultural adaptability of 128 accessions of leguminous and graminaceous pastures introduced to the red soil regions in Fujian Province was studied. Many accessions (Cassia rotundifolia; A roc his pintoi; Digitaria smutsii; Dactyls glomerate; Triticale) adapted for production were screened. The experimental results indicated that intercropping pastures reasonably in orchards could not only efficaciously prevent soil erosion (for instance, the frequency and amount of runoff were reduced by 11.4 % and 98.7 % respectively), but also improve small ecological environment to some extent, which were favourable to the growth of the fruit trees. Great economic and ecological benefits were achieved.