鲫鱼鲤鱼脊椎骨之统计研究

Statistical Investigation of the Number of Vertebrae of Carasstus auratus and Cyprinus carpio.

一、引言鲤科鱼类在我国淡水内分布最广,数量亦最多。鲫鱼和鲤鱼是鲤科鱼类中的代表鱼类,关于这两种鱼类的外部变异,生活史,骨骼系统及头骨发育等,国内外动物学者已经做过不少研究,但是脊椎骨的统计观察,尚未有人做过。本文之主要目的,为明瞭鲫鱼和鲤鱼脊椎骨数目之变异及其平均数,增加些动物学上的新知识:赫伯士(Carl Hubb,1922)发现自白海到加利福尼亚沿海太平洋鱼(Clupea pallasii)的脊椎数,和他们孵出时期的温度有密切关系,在温度低的环境中所孵出的鱼,脊椎骨的平均数目较高,而在温度较高的环境中所孵出者,脊椎骨的平均数较低。华德(Henry Wood.1936)观察苏格兰沿海的大西洋鱼(Clupeaharengus)。

1.This paper deals with the number of vertebrae of wild goldfish(Carssivs auratus)and common carps(Cyprinus carpio)in ordwr to test whether there is homogeneity or not in this morpholo- gical character.The connection between vertebral counts and temperature of water is specially investigated.It includes also the total length and the number of scales along lateral lines which are closely related to the main theme.