我国数学奥林匹克竞赛选手的培养──学校、家庭和社会对竞赛选手的教育

A Study of Training Math Olympians──The role of School,Family and Soicety

我国的数学竞赛始于１９５６年，但直到１９８５年我国数学优秀学生才首次参加国际数学奥林匹克竞赛（ＩＭＯ）。研究的主要结果表明：我国数学奥林匹克竞赛选手９０％出自省市重点中学，５０％在超常实验班学习过；９５％的选手数学才能的发展受教师或父母的影响最大；１００％的家长希望孩子上重点大学；９６％的家长在小学阶段仔细检查孩子的试卷，但是其中也有１／３的家长从不辅导数学作业；９２％的家长买书作为礼物送给孩子并鼓励多去书店测览；选手与父母一致认为参加数学奥林匹克竞赛的经历对于帮助学生认识和发展自己的才能及取得现有成绩起了关键作用。本文并对我国数学奥林匹克竞赛取得成功的原因进行了讨论。

Though started in 1956, no significant achievements were gained by China in the international Math Olympic (IMO) until 1985. The main results showed: 90%Olympains came from the key schools of urban; 50% have studied in special classes offered for gifted students;95% were greatly influenced by their parents and teachers. 100% of the parents expected their children to enter key universities in the future. 96% of the parents examined homework and test papers when their children studied in primary schools, but one - third of parents never did any coaching. 92%of the parents bought books as gifts for their children to stimulate and encourage them. to hunt for more books related to their studies. Olympains and their parents all had the same view that participating in the IMO not only led them to learning more but also provided them with opportunities to find and develop their talent in math.They felt they would not have been so successful if they never had any training for the IMO before. The reasons of the progress of the Chinese in the IMO are discussed.